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Oxidation of Iron in Biotite by Different Oxidizing Solutions at Room Temperature¹

ABSTRACT

Biotite samples (10–20 µm lepidomelane) were mixed with solutions that contained various oxidants (O₂, NaOCl, H₂O₂, or Br₂) and salts (NaCl, KCl, NaCl-NaBPh₄, or none) to compare the effectiveness with which these solutions oxidize structural Fe²⁺ at 25°C when customary procedures and mica samples at different stages of expansion are used. In general, the treatments that minimized interlayer K exchange did not oxidize detectable amounts of Fe²⁺, whereas those causing mica expansion oxidized equivalent fractions of the Fe²⁺ if they were given enough time. The rates of Fe²⁺ oxidation by the O₂ and NaOCl-O₂ solutions were very slow in even the expanded mica and were similar enough to suggest the OCl^- ions did not contribute to the process under these conditions. The Br₂ and H₂O₂ treatments, on the other hand, oxidized 97 and 85% of the structural Fe²⁺ in a fully expanded mica, respectively, in a 24-h period. The relative effects of Br₂ and H₂O₂ solutions probably reflect differences in the oxidants themselves but are confounded by the low pH of the Br₂ solution, NaBPh₄ interactions and H₂O₂ decomposition. Indeed, all the results make it clear that more distinction needs to be made between the role of the oxidants and the side efects of the solutions and procedures that are used in oxidation experiments.

¹ Journal Paper no. J-11421 of the Iowa Agric. & Home Econ. Exp. Stn., Ames, IA. Project no. 2311.

² Graduate Research Assistant, former Postdoctoral Research Associate, now with the California State Water Resources Control Board, Division of Water Quality, Sacramento, CA 95801, and Professor of Soils, respectively.

Received for publication May 14, 1984. Accepted for publication January 22, 1985.

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