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Differentiation of Lithologically Similar Soil Parent Materials¹

ABSTRACT

Differentiation of soil parent materials or demonstrating parent material uniformity is of prime importance in many soil genesis studies. It is necessary in order to determine whether observed differences in morphological, physical, chemical, or mineralogical parameters are the result of genetic processes or to differences inherited from the materials. Often differences in soil parent materials are not clear, especially when mixing or extensive weathering has occurred. Therefore, a method to help sort out such differences or uniformities would be a useful tool. In this study, discriminant analysis was utilized along with other related statistical methods to determine if glacially derived loess, siltstone residua, and lacustrine silts could be differentiated effectively. Elemental contents of the 5 to 50µm fraction of the materials were found to be more diagnostic in differentiation than textural or mineralogical parameters. Using the Zr, Ti, and K contents, these lithologically similar, but genetically different materials could be differentiated with significant differences > 0.01 level.

¹ Contribution from the Agronomy Dep., Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Salaries and research support provided by State and Federal Funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Ohio State Univ. Journal Article no. 168–84. Presented before Div. S-5 Soil Science Society of America, 1 Dec. 1980 in Detroit, MI.

² Former Graduate Student and Professor of Agronomy, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, Ohio. The senior author is presently Soil Scientist and Assistant Professor, the USDA-ARS National Soil Erosion Laboratory and Dep. of Agronomy, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette, IN 47906.

Received for publication June 14, 1984. Accepted for publication October 5, 1984.