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A Simplified Soil and Plant Phosphorus Model: I. Documentation¹

ABSTRACT

The structure of a simple soil and plant P model designed for use in the Erosion-Productivity Impact Calculator (EPIC) agriculture management model is described. The model maintains pools of stable, active, and labile inorganic P; fresh organic and stable organic P; and grain, stover and root P. The model has a daily time step, simulates P uptake and transformations in up to ten soil layers of variable thickness, and is sensitive to soil chemical and physical properties, crop P requirements, tillage practice, fertilizer rate, soil temperature, and soil water content. Fertilizer P is added to the labile inorganic P pool which is in rapid equilibrium with the active inorganic P pool. The relative sizes of the labile and active inorganic pools are soil specific and are based on soil classification, texture, and chemical properties. Movement of active inorganic P to the stable inorganic P pool simulates slow adsorption of inorganic P. Crop P uptake from a soil layer is sensitive to crop P demand and the amounts of labile P, soil water, and roots in the layer. Stover and root P are added to the fresh organic P pool upon their death and/or incorporation into the soil. Decomposition of fresh and stable organic matter may result in net immobilization of labile P or net mineralization of organic P.

¹ Contribution from USDA-ARS, Colorado State Univ., and Oklahoma State Univ.

² Plant Physiologist, USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Lab., P.O. Box 748, Temple, TX 76503; Soil Scientist, USDA-ARS, Colorado State Univ., Natural Resource Ecology Lab., Ft. Collins, CO 80523; Soil Scientist, USDA-ARS and Oklahoma State Univ., Southern Plains Watershed and Water Quality Lab., P.O. Box 1430, Durant, OK 74702; Hydraulic Engineer, USDA-ARS, Grassland, Soil and Water Research Lab., P.O. Box 748, Temple, TX 76503, respectively.

Received for publication October 26, 1983. Accepted for publication February 17, 1984.

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