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Effects of Residue Burning, Removal, and Incorporation on Irrigated Cereal Crop Yields and Soil Chemical Properties¹

ABSTRACT

Long-term experiments were established in 1969 to determine the effects of various methods of managing irrigated winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] residues on yield and several soil chemical properties. Methods of residue management included (i) incorporation, (ii) physical removal, (iii) incorporation of 2X quantities of residue, and (iv) burning. Each residue plot was split, and different N rates were applied to each half. In the fall of 1979, soil samples were taken to a depth of 180 cm to determine what chemical changes had occurred. No significant differences were observed in the quantities of Bray #1-P, DTPA-Zn, Na, Ca, or Mg in the surface 15 cm or total NO^-₃ in the 180-cm profile. The burning and physical removal treatments resulted in significantly lower organic matter (OM), higher pH, and lower potassium (K) than the other treatments. These two removal treatments also resulted in significantly greater NO^-₃ leaching. During the early years of the experiments, there were no significant differences in yield due to the residue treatments. However, in the later years of the experiment, there was a trend toward lower yields on the burned and physical removal plots.

Key Words: residue management • burning • residue removal • NO^-₃ leaching

¹ Contribution No. 81-321-j, Garden City Branch Exp. Stn., Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn., Kansas State Univ., Manhattan.

² Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Kansas State Univ., Manhattan, Garden City Exp. Stn., and Farmland Industries Fieldman (formerly Assistant Professor, Kansas State Univ.).

Received for publication March 20, 1981. Accepted for publication August 19, 1981.

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