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Residual Effects of Phosphorus Applications on a High Phosphorus Adsorbing Oxisol of Central Brazil¹

ABSTRACT

High crop yields on P-deficient Oxisols are not possible without application of relatively high amounts of fertilizer P. Correction of P deficiency can be accomplished by an initial broadcast application of a high rate of P or by lower rates of P applied as a band treatment or combination broadcast and band treatment. The residual effect of such P applications is influenced by the rate and method of application. A field study was established on a Haplustox in the Cerrado of Contral Brazil to evaluate the residual value of applied P as measured by corn yields and soil P analyses.

Comparisons were made of the residual-P effectiveness where a total of 140, 280, and 560 kg P/ha were applied initially as one broadcast application or, in equal increments as banded applications, to the previous four crops.

With a total application of 140 and 280 kg P/ha, the residual P from the banded applications gave greater corn yields and P uptake than the initial broadcast applications. At the 560 kg P/ha rate, where yields were nearly maximum, there were no differences in yield due to the application method.

Soil test P levels indicated a considerable residual effect from the higher rates of broadcast P. Fractionation of soil P indicated a conversion with time of more soluble forms of P to less soluble forms. Estimates of P requirements from P. sorption curves suggested a residual efficiency of 40–60% of the previously broadcast fertilizer P. Although clayey Oxisols have a high P requirement for maximum yields, there is a considerable residual effect of fertilizer P which needs to be included in estimates of the efficiency of P fertilization.

¹ Paper no. 6193 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agric. Res. Serv., Raleigh, NC 27650. This research was supported by the Agency for Int. Development under contract ta-C-1236 and was conducted in cooperation with the Dep. of Agron., Cornell Univ., and CPAC, Brasilia, Brazil.

² Former Graduate Research Assistant (now Assistant Soil Scientist, Dep. of Agron. and Soil Sci., Univ. of Hawaii); Professor; former Research Associate, Cornell Univ., now Associate Professor, N.C. State Univ.; Coordinator, Project of Resource Utilization, CPAC, Brasilia, Brazil.

Received for publication December 14, 1979. Accepted for publication January 21, 1981.

This article has been cited by other articles:

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