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Effects of Tillage and Gypsum Incorporation on Rain Runoff and Crust Strength in Field Soils Irrigated with Saline-Sodic Water¹

ABSTRACT

The effects that two tillage-gypsum incorporation patterns have on rain runoff and crust strength were studied in two fields irrigated with saline-sodic water (EC – 5.8 mmho cm^–1, SAR – 18) and fresh water (EC – 0.95 mmho cm^–1; SAR – 2.6). Leaving the soil surface rough (without ridging) reduced runoff to a minimum (3%) compared with other ridging patterns, where up to 40% of the rainfall per storm may be lost regardless of the direction of the ridge in respect to the area gradient or to gypsum application. The experiments were carried out in adjacent fields having a general slope of 1% and an annual mean rainfall of 371 mm.

¹ Contribution from the Division of Soil Physical Chemistry & Soil Physics, Institute of Soils & Water, ARO, The Volcani Center, P. O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, Israel. Paper no. 184-E, 1980 series.

² Soil Scientists, Division of Soil Physical Chemistry & Soil Physics, Institute of Soils & Water, ARO, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan, Israel.

Received for publication May 21, 1980. Accepted for publication September 8, 1980.