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Efficiency of Phosphorus Utilization by Alfalfa from Manure and Superphosphate¹

ABSTRACT

Efficiencies of phosphorus utilization by alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) from feedlot manure and superphosphate were examined in greenhouse and field studies. Alfalfa grown in soil treated with superphosphate removed a higher percentage of the added P than alfalfa grown in soil treated with manure. However, alfalfa grown in manured soil had the higher P utilization efficiency, as measured as yield increase per unit increase in P removed. This was due in part to more luxury consumption of P by the early cuttings on the superphosphate treatment. The P in feedlot manure was released more slowly for plant uptake and the P level remained adequate for a longer period. Apparently, microbial activity is important in the slow release of manure P. This was thought to be due to the increase in microbial activity as a result of the added energy source. Field studies indicated that P from feedlot manure carries over from year to year and becomes available with time.

¹ Contribution from Federal Research, Science & Education Administration, USDA, in cooperation with the Texas Agric. Exp. Stn., Texas A&M University.

² Soil Scientist and Research Leader, respectively, USDA Southwestern Great Plains Research Center, Bushland, TX 79012.

Received for publication November 28, 1977. Accepted for publication December 15, 1978.

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