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Salt Effects on the Hydraulic Conductivity of a Sandy Soil¹

ABSTRACT

The changes in the hydraulic conductivity of a Red Brown sandy soil as a function of the concentration and SAR of the percolating solutions were measured. Also, the changes in the hydraulic heads along the soil column and analysis of the salt and clay concentrations in the effluent solutions were recorded. The data show that at high ESP's and at salt concentration above 0.01N, swelling of the clay is the main mechanism responsible for hydraulic conductivity decrease. At low ESP and very dilute soil solutions, dispersion and clay migration into the conducting pores are the main mechanisms responsible for plugging the soil pores. Dispersion of the clay particles is possible only when the concentration of the soil solution drops below a threshold concentration at which the clay platelets flocculate. Dispersion of the clay may lead also to an increase in hydraulic conductivity when a sandy soil is leached with distilled water.

¹ Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. no. 255-E, 1978 series.

² Graduate Research Assistant and Soil Scientist, respectively, Institute of Soils and Water, ARO, The Vocani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.

Received for publication October 23, 1978. Accepted for publication February 19, 1979.

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