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Multicomponent Cation Adsorption During Convective-Dispersive Flow Through Soils: Experimental Study¹

ABSTRACT

The adsorption of Na⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ from aqueous solutions flowing through soil was examined under different total cation concentrations and input pulse volumes. The pulses of Na⁺ and Mg²⁺, which were introduced into a Ca²⁺-saturated Yolo loam soil column, appeared separately in the effluent. The degree of separation decreased with total concentration, but was not affected significantly by the pulse volume. At constant total concentration, the initial appearance of the Na⁺ pulse in the effluent was not affected by input volume; the appearance of the Mg²⁺ pulse was delayed with increasing pulse volume. The experimental results were compared to theoretical calculations based on a single component linear equilibrium model. At a low loading (a small amount of adsorbate with respect to a large amount of adsorbent), the agreement of the theoretical model and the experimental results was satisfactory. However, when the loading was increased, the discrepancy between the calculated values and the experimental results increased.

¹ Published with the approval of the Director, Utah Agric. Exp. Stn. as Journal Paper 1460.

² Consultant, Walter Lum Assoc., Inc., Honolulu, HI 96816; Professor of Soil Chemistry, and Assistant Professor of Soils, Department of Soils & Biometeorology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, respectively.

Received for publication March 18, 1977. Accepted for publication December 28, 1977.