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Hydrodynamic Dispersion During Absorption of Water by Soil¹

ABSTRACT

The paper reports an experimental study of hydrodynamic dispersion of low concentration solutions during absorption into horizontal columns of soil with initially uniform moisture and solute contents. The initial soil solutions were of relatively high salt concentration. It was found that both the water and salt concentration profiles preserved similarity in terms of distance divided by the square root of time. This observation implies that the longitudinal dispersion coefficient is insensitive to pore water velocity and may be taken as a function of the volumetric water content only, at least for a given initial (low) moisture content.

The formulation which follows is frankly phenomenological. It provides a simple means of predicting dispersion during flow in unsaturated soils which promises to be sufficiently accurate for most purposes.

¹ Contribution from CSIRO, Australia, and Univ. of Guelph, Canada.

² Senior Principal Research Scientist, and Chief, CSIRO Div. of Environ. Mech., P.O. Box 821, Canberra City, A.C.T. 2601, Australia; Visiting Research Associate, Dep. of Applied Mathematics, Univ. of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; and Professor, Dep. of Land Resource Sci., Univ. of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, respectively.

Received for publication May 17, 1977. Accepted for publication October 24, 1977.

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