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Oxidation of Elemental Sulfur in Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Studies of oxidation of elemental S in soils showed that thiosulfate and tetrathionate are produced during S oxidation in soils. In this work, unamended and elemental S-amended soils were incubated (30°C) under aerobic conditions for various times. The amounts of S₂O_3-, S₄O_6-, and SO_4-S produced during incubation were determined. Results showed that S₂O₃^2- was produced within the first few days of incubation and that S₄O₆^2- accumulated in some soils. The rate of S oxidation increased with increasing incubation temperature (5, 15, and 30°C) and with increasing the rate of S application (50, 100, and 200 µg S/g soil). For 100 µg S/g soil, the rates of oxidation of elemental S in 10 Iowa surface soils ranged from 39 to 75 µg S/g soil after incubation at 30°C for 70 days; rates were more rapid in alkaline soils than in acid soils. There was little change in pH of soils even when the S application rate was increased from 50 to 200 µg S/g soil. The rate of S oxidation was lower in air-dried soils than in field-moist soils.

¹ Journal Paper J-8629 of the Iowa Agric & Home Econ. Exp. Stn. Ames, Iowa. Project 2112. Presented before Div. S-2 Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, 25 Aug. 1975.

² Graduate Student and Associate Professor, respectively. Dep. of Agronomy, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011. Present address of senior author: School of Biological Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.

Received for publication August 25, 1975. Accepted for publication September 24, 1976.

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