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Variability of Hydraulic Conductivity in Two Subsurface Horizons of Two Silt Loam Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Hydraulic conductivity was measured in the B22t and B31t horizons of 12 pedons of two soils developed in loess deposits overlying glacial till. Conductivity measurements were made with the crust test technique for unsaturated conditions and with a new related in situ method for saturated conditions. Nonlinear regression yielded simple well-fitting curves of the form log K = log(b^-c). Variability within and between major horizons in these soil series was found to be relatively low. The four horizons in these two silt loam soils had statistically identical hydraulic conductivity characteristics, even though morphological soil structure and soil genesis differed significantly.

¹ Contribution from the Soil Sci. Dep., Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison and Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv., Univ. Ext. Field work was funded in part by the Small Scale Waste Management Project, Univ. of Wis. funded by the State of Wisconsin and the EPA (Grant No. R802874).

² Project Assistant, Dep. of Soil Sci. and Wis. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv., Univ. of Wis., Madison, WI 53706, and Soil Scientist, Soil Survey Institute, Box 98, Wageningen, Netherlands, respectively.

Received for publication May 12, 1975. Accepted for publication August 11, 1975.