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Rate of Dissolution of Phosphate from Minerals and Soils¹

ABSTRACT

A laboratory technique was devised for conveniently measuring the rate of dissolution of phosphates in minerals and soils. The conditions imposed upon the samples were believed to be similar in several important respects to those in the close proximity of plant roots. An equation was derived which was reasonably descriptive of the dissolution process even in widely different soils. The technique was used to measure the rate of dissolution of a number of well-characterized rock phosphate samples and of many soils. The data were found to rate the samples very well with regard to their value as a source of phosphate to plants. There was no apparent advantage of measuring rates of dissolution, however, over measuring amounts "available" by means of conventional single extraction techniques. Based upon the technique studied, a simple and apparently reliable extraction technique for routine evaluations of soil as a source of phosphate is described.

¹ Supported by the Chemistry Department and the Montana Agric. Exp. Sta. Published as Journal Series no. 460, Montana Agr. Exp. Sta. Appreciation is extended to the soils and fertilizer groups at the USDA-ARS Plant Industry Station, Beltsville, Md. for the soil and phosphate rock samples.

² Professor of Chemistry, Chemistry Department, Montana State Univ., Bozeman, Montana 59715.

Received for publication June 28, 1974. Accepted for publication February 28, 1975.

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