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The Partial Molal Volumes of Several Ionic Forms of Montmorillonite in Dilute Suspensions¹

ABSTRACT

A high precision magnetic float densitometer was used to determine the density of dilute aqueous NaCl solutions. The method of intercepts was then used to calculate the partial molal volume of the water and the NaCl salt. These values compared favorably with those in the literature.

Using the above methods, the molal volumes of dilute suspensions of Na⁺, Li⁺, K⁺, and Al³⁺-montmorillonite were determined. The partial molal volumes of the homoionic saturated clays were corrected for the exchangeable cations using the additive principle. From these values an apparent density for the four clays was determined. The calculated values are consistent with literature values for dilute suspensions. The data indicates that there are clay-water-ion interactions such that the partial molal volume of the clay is greater than expected and the apparent density is less. These differences depend on the exchangeable cation and suggest that the clayion associated water is different than normal water.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana. Supported with funds from the Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta.

² Professor, Idaho Agr. Exp. Sta., Univ. of Idaho, Moscow; Research Assistant, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Georgia, Athens; Assistant Professor, Dep. of Agronomy, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana; and Research Assistant, Environmental Protection Agency, Southeast Water Lab., Athens, Georgia, respectively.

Received for publication April 13, 1973. Accepted for publication July 24, 1973.