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The Water-Ice Phase Composition of Clay-Water Systems: I. The Kaolinite-Water System¹

ABSTRACT

Previous work has indicated that when water-ice phase composition curves are normalized to unit surface area, unfrozen water content values at all temperatures are higher for the kaolinite-water system than for other clay-water systems. In addition, the water-ice phase composition curve for this system appeared to be the resultant of the superposition of two power curves of the form W_u = ß. The measurements have been repeated using an improved isothermal calorimeter and the earlier results confirmed. Values of W_u per unit surface area for the kaolinite-water systems are more than twice as large as those for the montmorillonite-water systems. Addition of polyox (polyethylene oxide) to the kaolinite-water system had little effect on W_u in the range of 0 < < 1.7 but diminished W_u significantly at values of > 1.7. The observations are explained qualitatively in terms of a domain model of clayimbibed water.

¹ Contribution from the US Army Cold Regions Res. and Eng. Lab., Hanover, New Hampshire 03755.

² Research Soil Scientist, Engineering Technician, and Visiting Research Soil Scientist, respectively. Permanent address of Dr. A. Banin is the Dep. of Soil and Water Sciences, Hebrew Univ., Rehovot, Israel.

Received for publication April 30, 1973. Accepted for publication July 25, 1973.