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Loess Distribution on a Wisconsin-Age Till Plain in Southwestern Ohio¹

ABSTRACT

Loess thickness, depth to carbonates, nature of loess-till contact, soil type, and surface elevation were observed at 15 m (or alternatively 30 m) intervals along 8.5 km of pipeline trench wall; similar observations were made at 4.6 m intervals in three 41 m by 41 m grid sites each containing 100 observation points. Over 800 observations were made. Data were statistically summarized according to soil drainage classes (landscape position) and glacio-physiographic regions. Loess blankets the landscape, but is usually thickest on poorly-drained landscape positions and, except for local pockets, thins or becomes absent on slopes > 5%. Local distribution of loess is highly variable over horizontal distances of 7.5 m or less and is directly related to the irregular microtopography of the underlying till surface. Construction of a loess isopachous map for this area was deemed impractical because of the large number of observations that would be required to estimate mean loess thickness classes within relatively narrow (limits (± 20%), even on relatively stable geomorphic areas. No source area(s) could be identified for these loess deposits based on loess thickness or particle-size parameters.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Agronomy, Ohio Agr. Res. and Dev. Center, State Project 103, Journal Paper no. 78:73 and Div. of Lands and Soil, Ohio Dep. of Natural Resour.; presented before Div. S-5, Soil Sci. Soc. of Amer., New York, August 19, 1971. Part of senior author's M.S. Thesis, Ohio State Univ.

² Agronomist, Landmark Inc., Columbus, Ohio; Professor and Associate Professor of Agronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, respectively.

Received for publication March 22, 1972. Accepted for publication June 22, 1973.