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Salt Tolerance of Mexican Wheat: I. Effect of NO₃ and NaCl on Mineral Nutrition, Growth, and Grain Production of Four Wheats¹

ABSTRACT

Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum) were grown to full maturity under sand culture conditions with variable levels of substrate NO₃ and NaCl. Leaf samples were collected at early spike emergence for chemical analysis of Ca, Mg, Na, K, P, Cl, NO₃, and total N. Growth measurements included those of flag leaf length, tiller and spike formation, and total straw and grain.

The slower maturing variety, Cajeme 71, grew much more vigorously than the more rapidly maturing varieties Inia 66, Yecora, and Siete Cerros. The salt tolerance of Cajeme 71 was 2- to 4-fold greater than that of the other varieties tested.

Leaf NO₃ of samples collected at early spike emergence correlated with grain yields irrespective of substrate NaCl levels, suggesting that the growth retardation associated with excessive substrate NaCl was due in part to a Cl-induced NO₃ deficiency.

¹ Contribution from the Dep. of Soil Sci. and Agr. Eng., University of California, Riverside. 92502.

² Former Graduate Student and Professor of Soil Science, Univ. of California, Riverside, respectively. Part of senior author's thesis for partial fulfillment of the Ph.D. degree at the Univ. of Calif., Riverside. Senior author's present address is Centro de Investigacion Agricola del Noroeste (CIANO), Obregon, Sonora, Mexico.

Received for publication January 2, 1973. Accepted for publication April 6, 1973.

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