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Detection of Carbonyl Sulfide and Other Gases Emanating from Beef Cattle Manure¹

ABSTRACT

Carbonyl sulfide (COS) was detected in the headspace above anaerobic columns of fresh manure and feedlot compost. One-tenth ng S/ml of the compound was detected in gases from a debris basin and soil profile of a feedlot also. Carbonyl sulfide has not been reported from these sources previously.

During the first 24 hours of anaerobic incubation, COS appeared above the manure. The concentration exceeded 8 ng S/ml the second day and began to decline after 5 days. Hydrogen sulfide followed a similar pattern except that it persisted for 16 days. Only traces of COS were found above some of the replications of the anaerobically incubated compost. Hydrogen sulfide appeared above the compost after 5 days and persisted throughout the 37-day incubation. Methane appeared more quickly above the manure than above the compost. However, CH₄ never exceeded 7.5% above the manure whereas it exceeded 36% above the compost.

¹ Contribution from Soil, Water, and Air Sciences, North Central Region, ARS, USDA, in cooperation with the Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta., Lincoln. Published as Paper no. 3503, Journal Series, Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta. A portion of the funds for this research was provided by the Environmental Protection Agency.

² Microbiologist and Physical Science Technician, respectively, USDA, Lincoln, Nebraska.

Received for publication January 15, 1973. Accepted for publication April 17, 1973.