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Effect of Phosphate Salts as Saturating Solutions in Cation-Exchange Capacity Determinations¹

ABSTRACT

Cation-exchange capacities with KCl or NaNO₃ in volcanic ash soils varied from 6 to 18 meq/100 g whereas CEC with KH₂PO₄ or NaH₂PO₄ varied from 78 to 188. Cation-exchange capacities with NaH₂PO₄ and NaNO₃ were 28 and 6, respectively, for an alfisol and 12 and 2, respectively, for an oxisol. The ratios of CEC with H₂PO₄^- as compared to Cl^- or NO₃^- varied from about 4 to 30. The effect of the H₂PO₄^- is explained as a result of neutralization of positive charge in the soil with a simultaneous release of negative charge.

¹ Contribution from the Facultad de Quimica y Farmacia of the University of Chile, Santiago, and the Dep. of Soil Sci. and Agr. Eng., Univ. of California, Riverside 92502. The support of the Univ. of Chile-Univ. of California Program financed by the Ford Foundation, the Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Techologica de Chile (CONICYT), and the National Science Foundation through Grant no. GB11711, is gratefully acknowledged.

² Professor of Chemistry, Univ. of Chile, Professor of Soil Science Univ. of California, Former Graduate Student, Univ. of California and Presently Assistant Professor of Soil Science, Univ. of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and former student, Univ. of Chile, respectively.

Received for publication March 1, 1972. Accepted for publication July 24, 1972.