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Transport Numbers and Mobilities of Ions in Bentonite Membranes¹

ABSTRACT

Na-clay was compacted by porous barriers between solutions of different concentrations. Conductance of the clay and electrical potentials across the clay were measured and used to calculate the transference numbers for the Na ion. The transference numbers calculated from conductivity studies were higher than those calculated from emf measurements. A qualitative explanation for the lower numbers estimated from potential measurement is proposed which involves osmotically induced convective movement.

¹ Contribution from the Negev Institute for Arid Zone Research, Beersheva, Israel; and the US Soils Laboratory, Soil & Water Conservation Research Div., ARS, USDA, Beltsville, Md. 20705.

² Senior Soil Scientist and visiting Soil Scientist, Negev Institute, respectively. The junior author is now Director of the U.S. Soils Laboratory, Beltsville, Md.

Received for publication March 25, 1971. Accepted for publication April 25, 1972.