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Factors Influencing Ammonia Losses From Urea Applied to Northwestern Forest Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Laboratory studies indicated that volatilization losses of NH₃ increased with increasing air movement, temperature, and pH of mineral soils and forest floors. At an air flow rate of 3 liters/min (equivalent to calculated air velocity of approximately 0.01 km/hour) and temperature of 19°C, losses were high—ranging from 6 to 30% of the urea N applied to bare mineral soils and 27 to 46% for mineral soils covered by forest floors. Ammonia losses were less for mixtures of NH₄Cl and urea crystals than for urea crystals or pellets alone. Losses were not related to urea pellet size.

¹ Contribution from Central Research, Crown Zellerbach Corp., Camas, Wash. 98607. Presented before Div. S-7, Soil Science Society of America, Aug. 25, 1970, Tucson, Ariz.

² Research Microbiologist, Forest Research Supervisor, Research Forester and Biological Technician, respectively.

Received for publication July 22, 1971. Accepted for publication November 2, 1971.