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Effects of Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae on Growth and Phosphorous Content of Three Agronomic Crops¹

ABSTRACT

Several placements of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal inoculum in soil were compared in a greenhouse study of the potential use of VA fungi for increasing yields of agronomic crops on low P-status soils. Placement of VA mycorrhizal inoculum and rock phosphate was considered an integral treatment. Inoculation with VA fungi increased corn yields about 50% over the increases due to indigenous mycorrhizal fungi. Placements of inoculum in a layer 5 cm below the seeds or mixed with a 5-cm layer of soil below the seeds were effective; while two other placements, with the seeds or in a band with rock phosphate, were ineffective in increasing yields. None of the treatments that used rock phosphate were as effective as concentrated superphosphate in increasing yields, which indicated that lack of P was still limiting plant growth in the rock phosphate treatments. There were no effects of VA mycorrhizal inoculation of soil on growth of soybeans (Glycine max L. Merrill ‘Harosoy 63’) and only a minor effect on sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense) for the placements that were tested.

¹ Published with permission of the Director, Ohio Agr. Res. and Dev. Center as Journal Article no. 51-71. The results were used by the senior author in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree, Ohio State Univ., 1970.

² Former Research Associate, and Professors, respectively, Ohio Agr. Res. and Dev. Center and Ohio State Univ., 1885 Neil Ave., Columbus 43210. The senior author is now Assistant Biochemist, Bookers Sugar Estates Ltd., 22 Church St., Georgetown, Guyana.

Received for publication May 27, 1971. Accepted for publication September 17, 1971.