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Hydration of Cations Adsorbed on a Clay Surface from the Effect of Water Activity on Ion Exchange Selectivity¹

ABSTRACT

Ion exchange equilibria for four pairs of singly charged ions in a montmorillonite clay were carried out at different total normalities of the equilibrium solution at 25C. Only the trace region for the preferred ion was investigated. The effect of solvent activity a_w on the selectivity coefficient K_c was established. In each case the expected linear relationship between ln K_c and ln a_w was observed. The values for the differences of the ion hydration numbers, n_w^A - n_w^B, calculated from this purely thermodynamic relationship, were consistent and were comparable with values that could be deduced from basal spacings or anion exclusion volume data.

¹ Contribution from a joint research program between the Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie Biologique, University of Louvain, Belgium, and the Euratom-Ital Laboratories, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

² Professor, Assistant Professor, and Research Assistant, respectively, University of Louvain, 42 de Croylaan, 3030 Heverlee, Belgium.

Received for publication May 18, 1971. Accepted for publication September 1, 1971.