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Soil Lipids under Various Crops¹

ABSTRACT

Two parent materials of soils; namely tertiary sandstone and mudstone, as well as several soils planted with various crops were investigated by means of thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography for their lipid content. The total free fatty acids were found in greater quantity and variety than the fatty acids of the triglycerides of most of the materials studied. In addition to small amounts of many acids having odd numbers of C-atoms, the predominant free fatty acids were myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, and arachidic acids. The sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) soils invariably showed some large characteristic peaks of unknown compounds on the gas chromatograms, whereas the soils planted with paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.), banana (Musa paradisiaca), or pineapple (Ananas comosus) did not show any characteristic component. In all of the soils, there were many unknown peaks on the chromatograms of the methyl esters of both the free fatty acids and the fatty acids of the triglycerides. They could be iso acids, ante-iso acids, and branched fatty acids derived from micro-organisms. Paraffinic hydrocarbons frequently appeared. In some soils, an unknown nonpolar compound and dioctyl phthalate were found. The latter might be also of microbial origin. The sandstone and mudstone contain fewer lipids. The relationship between the composition of the lipids and the characteristics of the soils is not obvious.

¹ Contribution from Taiwan Sugar Exp. Sta., Tainan, Taiwan.

² Adviser, and Chemists, Taiwan Sugar Exp. Sta., Tainan, Taiwan.

Received for publication November 17, 1970. Accepted for publication April 8, 1971.