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Geomorphic Surfaces and Soils in the Black Creek Valley, Johnston County, North Carolina¹

ABSTRACT

The Black Creek Valley in the dissected upper Coastal Plain is a complex of geomorphic surfaces that ranges in age from Pliocene to Recent. Soils on the Pliocene surfaces are on the interstream divides and on old terrace remnants within the valley. They are classed as Paleudults. These soils are formed in relatively uniform sediments, have sola 2–4 m thick, little or no B horizon structure, and few clay films in the upper B horizon. Discontinuous phase plinthite is found in the middle B horizon. These soils have uniform profile characteristics, are easily mapped, and the delineations have few inclusions.

The soils on the late Pleistocene to Recent valley-side slopes and low terraces have sola less than 1.25 m thick and are classed as Hapludults. There is much variation in A2 horizon thickness, B horizon color, and texture. This arises from the variation of the sediments outcropping on the valley sides. Further variability is caused by Recent valley-side alluvium that has irregular distribution and unpredictable thickness. Regardless of their variability, these soils all have weak to moderate B horizon structure, common clay skins on ped faces, and no plinthite. They are best mapped as complexes because of their variability. A delineation contains many inclusions.

¹ Paper no. 2842 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta., Raleigh, N.C. Joint contribution from the SCS, USDA, and the Soil Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.

² Soil Scientists, Soil Conservation Service, and Soil Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, and Soil Scientist, Soil Conservation Service, Riverside, Calif., respectively.

Received for publication April 21, 1969. Accepted for publication September 25, 1969.