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Influence of the Copper, Zinc, Iron, and Aluminum Salts of Some Microbial and Plant Polysaccharides on Aggregation and Hydraulic Conductivity of Ramona Sandy Loam¹

ABSTRACT

The influence on soil aggregation and hydraulic conductivity of some microbial and plant polysaccharides and their Fe, Al, Cu, and Zn salts was determined. Specific effects were dependent upon the polysaccharide and the metal ion. In general, Fe and Al sharply reduced the effectiveness while Cu and Zn slightly reduced, exerted little effect or increased ther binding action. Chromobacterium violaceum polysaccharide and Karaya gum improved both aggregation and hydraulic conductivity. The polysaccharides from Azotobacter indicus and Arthrobacter viscosus increased aggregation but did not alter hydraulic conductivity. Azotobacter chroococcum polysaccharide in concentrations up to 0.1% improved hydraulic conductivity but did not affect aggregation while NH₄-alginate exerted no effect on either soil property.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Soils and Plant Nutrition, University of California, Riverside.

² Professor of Soil Science and Professor of Soil Physics, respectively. The authors wish to thank J. O. Ervin and J. E. Warneke for laboratory assistance.

Received for publication September 26, 1968. Accepted for publication January 14, 1969.