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Hydrolysis and Sorption Reactions of Orthophosphate, Pyrophosphate, Tripolyphosphate, and Trimetaphosphate Anions Added to an Elliot Soil¹

ABSTRACT

The reactions of trimetaphosphate (TMP), tripolyphosphate (TPP), pyrophosphate (PP), and orthophosphate (OP) with an Elliot soil were studied.

The hydrolysis reaction TMPTPPPP + OP3 OP was studied by equilibrating TMP added to the Elliot soil at a rate of 400 µg. P/g soil and measuring TMP, TPP, PP, and OP at various times. These measurements showed that TMP persisted less than 1 day and TPP less than 8 days. Less than 10% of the PP formed had been hydrolyzed after 16 days.

The sorption of TMP, TPP, PP, and OP in the soil was studied. TMP was not appreciably adsorbed by the Elliot soil. The P adsorption capacities for OP, PP, and TPP calculated from the Langmuir equation were 462, 965, and 706 µg P/g soil, respectively.

A method for extracting and determining TMP, TPP, PP, and OP in soils was developed. The method consisted of two extractions (2% EDTA + 0.1N NH₄F pH 4.2 and 2% EDTA + 1N NAOH), followed by an anion exchange resin separation of the P forms. Recovery of added P was 94% using these extractants. The average error for the extraction and separation was 17%.

Plant uptake of P from soil treated with PP was slightly higher than soil treated with OP.

¹ Contribution from the Research and Development Division of International Minerals and Chemical Corporation, Libertyville, Ill. 60048.

² Formerly Research Soil Chemists. The senior author is now at the Dept. of Agronomy, Univ. of Missouri, Columbia; and the junior author is at the Dept. of Crop & Soil Sci., Texas A&M Univ., College Station, Tex.

Received for publication July 11, 1968. Accepted for publication August 13, 1968.