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Effects of Adding Charcoal During Dilute Acid Extraction of Manganese from Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Addition of charcoal during extraction of soil with dilute HCl + H₂SO₄ increased the amounts of manganese and iron extracted but had little or no effect on the copper, zinc, and aluminum extracted concurrently. Experiments indicated that the increase in extractable manganese due to the presence of charcoal was not a consequence of an increase in efficiency of extraction of reduced manganese already present but resulted from a reaction in which forms of manganese of low solubility were reduced and made soluble and in which CO₂ and CO were evolved. The amounts of manganese extracted from soils by dilute HCl + H₂SO₄ in the presence of charcoal and by dilute HCl + H₂SO₄ containing hydroquinone were highly correlated. The effect due to charcoal increased with the acidity of the extracting solution, the time of extraction, and the amount of charcoal added.

¹ Contribution from Department of Soil Science, North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta., Raleigh. Published with the approval of the Director of Research as Paper no. 2350 of the Journal Series.

² Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor, respectively. Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh.

Received for publication March 7, 1967. Accepted for publication April 12, 1968.