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Prediction of the Effect of Mixed-Salt Solutions on Soil Hydraulic Conductivity¹

ABSTRACT

A procedure is described for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of soils in the presence of mixed-salt solutions, after first measuring the absolute hydraulic conductivity of the soil with a single high-salt, high-sodium solution, and then measuring the relative hydraulic conductivity of the same sample with a low-salt solution. Calculated interlayer swelling values for soil montmorillonite serve as a frame of reference for the predictions. Swelling values are obtained using a simplified domain model for characterizing the exchangeable-cation distribution on Na-Ca montmorillonites. Reliability of the procedure is established with a group of soils having variable clay content but constant clay-fraction mineralogy. The effect of soil texture on relative hydraulic conductivity to mixed-salt solutions appears to be adequately accounted for through the interlayer swelling values used for the predictions.

¹ Contribution from US Salinity Laboratory, Soil & Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, Riverside, Calif., in cooperation with the 17 Western States and Hawaii.

² Soil Scientist

Received for publication July 21, 1967. Accepted for publication November 17, 1967.