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Effects of Stones on Runoff, Erosion, and Soil Moisture¹

ABSTRACT

Studies on a caribou silt loam at Presque Isle, Maine were conducted to determine the effect of stones on runoff, erosion and soil moisture. The three treatments consisted of a control, stones over 3.81 cm in diameter removed, and stones over 3.81 cm removed, crushed and reincorporated into the soil. Removing the stones increased soil and water losses over a 4-yr period. Infiltration and soil moisture was decreased as a result of stone removal. Crushing and returning the stones resulted in soil losses similar to that obtained under normal soil conditions. During 1961–1964, 20 storms produced 75% of the total soil loss and about 55% of the total runoff.

¹ Contribution of the Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, and the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Maine Agr. Exp. Sta., University of Maine, Orono. Supported in part by Regional Research Project NE-11.

² Research Soil Scientist, USDA, Soil Scientist, USDA, and Head, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Maine, Crono.

Received for publication February 11, 1966. Accepted for publication May 31, 1966.