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Surface Chemistry of Hematite: Anion Penetration Effect on Water Adsorption¹

ABSTRACT

The adsorption of water by Fe₂O₃ (hematite), using high vacuum techniques, was studied. The surface of hematite was treated with phosphate, sulfate, or molybdate and activated at various temperatures prior to adsorption studies. The anion treatment had no apparent effect on the physical adsorption of water. The hematite surface was found to adsorb one water molecule/23-24A² whereas an OH group on the hematite surface was found to occupy an effective area of 22–23A². Water adsorption on OH sites is inferred. About 45 to 47% of the oxide surface was found to physically adsorb water. Chemisorbed or OH water was influenced by anion treatment and was related to both the density of the OH population and the mobility of the associated proton. Both water and anion reaction with the surface is discussed.

¹ Partial support of this work by a California Water Resources Center Grant is gratefully acknowledged.

² Associate Soil Chemist, Department of Soils and Plant Nutrition, University of California, Davis.

Received for publication June 21, 1965. Accepted for publication June 9, 1966.