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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 30:214-216 (1966)
© 1966 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Phytotoxic Substances Extracted from Soil1

W. D. Guenzi and T. M. McCalla2

ABSTRACT

Phytotoxic substances were extracted from soil with 0.1M Na4P2O7 and acetone. The ether-soluble substances from the pyrophosphate extract were separated into acidic, neutral, and basic fractions. Acidic materials exhibited the highest phytotoxicity, followed by basic materials and then by the neutral fraction. The acetone extract of soil was fractionated on an alumina column using a solvent elution series. A number of compounds were isolated by paper chromatography and the majority of these substances were either ninhydrin-positive or acidic. Three phenolic acids were isolated and identified as vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, and protocatechuic.

Ferulic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, and syringic acids were extracted with 2N NaOH from plowed and subtilled soil. Larger amounts of ferulic and p-coumaric acids were found in subtilled soil as compared with the plowed soil. Only traces of these phenolic acids were found with 0.1M sodium pyrophosphate, calcium oxide, 2N HCl, and methanol extracts of soil.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, in cooperation with the Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta., Lincoln. Published as Paper no. 1744, Journal Series, Nebraska Agr. Exp. Sta.

2 Research Chemist, USDA, Fort Collins, Colo., and Research Microbiologist, USDA, Lincoln, Nebr., respectively.

Received for publication July 22, 1965. Accepted for publication September 2, 1965.






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