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Effect of Temperature on the Occurrence of Phosphorus-Induced Zinc Deficiency¹

ABSTRACT

Greenhouse studies with tomato plants as indicators have been carried out to study the influence of temperature upon occurrence of phosphorus-induced zinc deficiency. The soils used were from areas in commercial potato fields where "fern leaf" and chlorosis due to Zn deficiency has been observed. The soils were found to be concurrently deficient in both P and Zn. Field soil treatments with Zn caused a marked improvement in growth.

The effects of several rates of P, with and without Zn, upon tomato plant growth have been studied at 50, 60, 70 and 80F. Results on soil with moderately low (0.9 ppm) dithizone extractable Zn show P to induce Zn deficiency symptoms at 50 and 60F but not at 70 and 80F, although some growth differences attributable to Zn occurred at the higher temperatures. On soil from an acutely Zn deficient area (0.1 ppm Zn), P-induced Zn deficiency was observed at all temperatures.

Phosphorus applications were observed to reduce Zn concentration in the tissue while Zn applications tended to reduce P concentration. Stunted plants showing acute Zn deficiency symptoms had about the same Zn and P concentrations on the dry weight basis as did normal appearing plants grown at higher soil temperatures with the same P treatments.

¹ Agricultural Extension Service, University of California, Davis.

² Extension Soils Specialist, Former Extension Vegetable Crops Specialist (deceased), and Extension Technologist, respectively.

Received for publication January 23, 1964. Accepted for publication February 16, 1965.