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Effect of Autoclaving on X-Ray Characteristics of Clay Minerals¹

Kitchawan Research Laboratory of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Ossining, N. Y.

ABSTRACT

A variety of tropical and temperate zone soils differing in clay mineral composition and moisture content were autoclaved for 1 hour at 121 C, 15 psi, and fast exhaust. Various purified clay minerals were similarly autoclaved for 15 min in a nutrient medium used for the culture of microorganisms. Autoclaving did not significantly alter the diagnostic d values of the clay minerals contained in either the soils or the nutrient medium, regardless of the moisture content (from oven-dry to saturation) of the soils at the time of autoclaving.

¹ Contribution No. 167 from the Brooklyn Botanic Garden.

Received for publication August 31, 1964. Accepted for publication December 9, 1964.