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The Influence of Low Temperature and Various Concentrations of Ammonium Nitrate on Nitrification in Acid Soils¹

ABSTRACT

Several cultivated, acid soils were limed to pH 6.0 to 6.4, treated with 100 ppm. NH₄-N as NH₄NO₃, and incubated for 12 weeks at low and at near-optimum temperatures for nitrification. In sandy soils, nitrate accumulation at 42°F. was either completely suppressed or delayed for several weeks. In a clay loam incubated at 37°F. nitrates accumulated at a very slow rate throughout the 12-weeks but at 47°F., after a 6-week delay period, the accumulation proceeded at a rapid rate. The great influence of differing soil characteristics on nitrification is shown by the fact that nitrate accumulation in the clay loam at 37°F, was about two-thirds of that occuring in a loamy sand at 90°F. When the amount of added NH₄NO₃ was increased to 200 or 400 ppm. NH₄-N, nitrate accumulation, with one exception, failed to occur at 42°F. in sandy soils and was delayed in the clay loam. Even at 90°F., nitrate accumulation in the sandy soils, but not in the clay loam, was delayed and the rate reduced.

¹ Journal paper No. 437 of the Georgia Exp. Sta., Experiment, Ga. Presented before Div. S-3 Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Aug. 20, 1962 at Cornell Univ., Ithaca, N. Y.

² Associate Soil Chemists.

Received for publication September 26, 1963. Accepted for publication March 19, 1964.