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The Influence of Soil Temperature and Phosphorus Fertilizers of Different Water-Solubilities on the Yield and Phosphorus Uptake by Oats¹

ABSTRACT

The effect of root zone temperatures of 15°, 20°, and 25°C. and P sources having water-solubilities of 1, 25, 50, and 100% were evaluated in two greenhouse experiments using oats as a test crop. Oats were grown for 43 days and height, dry weight, and P uptake were determined.

Height response to added P was greatest at 15°C. and least at 25°C. The effects of temperature on height were greatest where no P was applied. There was a marked response in forage yields and in P uptake to increasing amounts of applied P and to increasing soil temperature. Root yields and P uptake, however, were highest at 15°C. and lowest at 25°C. In both tops and roots the temperature effect was greater at high rates of P than at low rates of P application.

In the winter experiment using ammoniated superphosphates, yields and P uptake by oat forage decreased as the percentage of water-soluble P decreased, except at the lowest percentage of water-soluble P where yield and P uptake were not related to water-solubility of P. In the fall experiment where mixtures of MCP and DCP were used, the source of P had little effect on yield and P uptake.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, Cornell University as Agronomy Paper No. 624. Presented before Div. IV Soil Science Society of America, St. Louis, Mo., Nov. 28, 1961. This work was supported in part by the Tennessee Valley Authority, Division of Agricultural Relations, Wilson Dam, Ala.

² Former Graduate Assistant, Head Department of Agronomy, and Professor of Soil Science, respectively, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.

Received for publication July 24, 1963. Accepted for publication September 13, 1964.