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The Influence of Fluoride, Temperature, Calcium, and Alcohol on the Reaction of Cobalt With Montmorillonite¹

ABSTRACT

Pretreatment of montmorillonite with F interferes with the adsorption of Co by montmorillonite. Since the effect is reversible with base, the F is thought to replace surface hydroxyl groups that serve as the adsorption sites for Co. The Co reaction with these sites increases with temperature, indicating that the reaction is endothermic. Therefore, either heat is required to form the Co-to-surface bond or the cation is replacing more strongly bound surface hydrogens such as those associated with the hydroxyls mentioned above. While certain other heavy metal cations were previously shown to exchange with adsorbed Co, Ca is found to have no effect on the reaction, except to alter the activity coefficient of Co in solution. This is interpreted as indicating the absence of any charge associated with the bonding site. Alcohol is found to enhance the reaction of Co with montmorillonite in contrast to what would be expected if hydrolysis played a role in the reaction.

¹ Contribution from the U. S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, ARS, USDA, Ithaca, N. Y.

² Soil Scientist, Research Assistant and Laboratory Technician, respectively.

Received for publication April 15, 1963. Accepted for publication July 22, 1963.

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