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Decay of Phosphate Fertilizer Reaction Products in an Acid Soil¹

ABSTRACT

Complex iron and aluminum phosphates that may be formed by the reaction of concentrated acidic phosphate solutions with soil minerals were incubated in a moist acid soil for 10 months. Potassium ferric phosphate, H₈KFe₃(PO₄)₆·6H₂O, and calcium ferric phosphate, H₄CaFe₂(PO₄)₄·5H₂O, dissolved incongruently with release of part of their phosphate to the soil and formation of strengitic residues. Potassium taranakite, H₆K₃Al₅ (PO₄)₈·18H₂O, was more stable; it persisted throughout the incubation period and released smaller amounts of phosphate. Amorphous iron and aluminum phosphates also persisted throughout the incubation period, and their rates of dissolution appeared to be controlled by the rate of diffusion of their phosphate into the surrounding soil.

¹ Contribution from the Fundamental Research Branch, Division of Chemical Development, TVA, Wilson Dam, Ala. Presented before Div. II, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 27, 1961, at St. Louis, Mo.

² Research Chemists.

Received for publication May 14, 1962. Accepted for publication June 7, 1962.