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The Germination of Corn and Wheat as Affected by Various Fertilizer Salts at Different Soil Temperatures¹

ABSTRACT

Corn and wheat were germinated at different concentrations of various fertilizers in growth chambers. Three temperature levels were maintained in the controlled tests. The fertilizers ranked in the following order with decreasing detrimental effects on the germination of corn: anhydrous ammonia, urea, nitrate of soda, muriate of potash, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, 6-12-12 fertilizer, sulfate of potash, 48% superphosphate, and 20% superphosphate. The fertilizers ranked in the following order with decreasing detrimental effects on the germination of wheat: anhydrous ammonia, urea, muriate of potash, nitrate of soda, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, sulfate of potash, 6-12-12 fertilizer, 48% superphosphate, and 20% superphosphate. Corn was tolerant to a higher salt concentration than was wheat. The nitrogen and potash fertilizers were more detrimental to germination than were the phosphate fertilizers. The temperatures studied had no significant effect on the tolerance of corn and wheat to salt concentration. Corn did not germinate at 50° F.

Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, University of Tennessee Agr. Exp. Sta., Knoxville. This work was supported in part by a grant from the Grace Chemical Co. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 19, 1959, at Cincinnati, Ohio.

² Former Graduate Assistant and Agronomist, respectively, University of Tennessee Agr. Exp. Sta.

Received for publication April 25, 1960. Accepted for publication May 26, 1960.