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Adsorption and Release of Strontium from Clays and Soils With Equilibration, Isotopic Tracer and Plant Uptake Techniques¹

ABSTRACT

The percentages of Sr⁹⁰ adsorbed by bentonite and illite clays when saturated to various degrees with the complementary ions H, Ca, Ba, and K were determined. The percentages of Sr⁹⁰ taken up in an 8-hour period by soybean plants from the above systems as well as from solutions containing the same total concentrations of the cations as the clays were also computed. The amounts of Sr absorbed by a soil containing various levels of exchangeable Ca (established by prior rates of liming in the field) were measured by equilibration with SrCl₂ solutions. Sr was generally adsorbed less and taken up by plants more from illite than from bentonite. Addition of Ca or Ba as compared to H decreased Sr adsorbed and increased Sr uptake by plants from the clays, thus having the effect of accelerating the decontamination of the clays by cropping. Sr appeared to be bonded by bentonite but not by illite with sufficient energy to restrict its uptake by soybeans. Increased level of exchangeable Ca in a soil did not appreciably affect the amounts of Sr adsorbed from SrCl₂ solutions.

¹ Published with the permission of the Director of the Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta. as Journal Article No. 4–60. Presented before Div. II, Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 19, 1959. The investigations were in part supported by a research grant from the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. The results were used by the junior author, T. G. Arscott, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree in 1958 from Ohio State University. Appreciation is also expressed to Dr. J. L. Mortensen for his assistance with the isotopic tracer analyses.

² Professor, former Research Assistant now with the Research Department of Standard Fruit Co., La Ceiba, Honduras, C.A., and student Ohio State University, and Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta., respectively.

Received for publication February 10, 1960. Accepted for publication May 9, 1960.