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The Effect of Low Temperatures on Nitrification of Ammonia in Cecil Sandy Loam¹

ABSTRACT

Anhydrous ammonia (NH₃) at the rate of 150 ppm. NH₄-N was applied to samples of Cecil sandy loam in the laboratory in a manner simulating field application. Initial concentration at the center of the absorption zone was 800 ppm. NH₄-N. NH₄NO₃ at rates 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm. NH₄-N was also applied to the Cecil soil. Nitrification occurring at 37°, 42°, 47° and 52° F. was studied. Nitrification, though negligible, occurred in all samples at 37° F. At 42°, nitrification became noticeably active by the 3- to 6-week period in NH₃ samples, and NH₄NO₃ samples treated with 50 ppm. NH₄-N. Compared to the latter, nitrate accumulation decreased as NH₄NO₃ concentration increased. This effect was particularly noticeable at 47° and 52° F. where nitrification of NH₃ and NH₄NO₃, up to 100 ppm. NH₄-N, was moderate. At 52° F. nitrification approached completion in the 50 ppm. NH₄-N samples by the 9th week, and in the NH₃ samples by the 12th week. Nitrate accumulation during 12 weeks expressed as a percentage of that occurring at 52° F. was 93, 51, and 8% at 47°, 42°, and 37° F., respectively, in NH₄NO₃ samples treated with 50 ppm. NH₄-N. In samples treated with NH₃ it was 72, 35, and 4%, respectively, at the same temperatures.

¹ Journal Paper No. 362 of the Georgia Exp. Sta., Experiment, Ga. Presented before Div. III, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 19, 1959 at Cincinnati, Ohio.

² Associate Soil Chemist.

Received for publication December 7, 1959. Accepted for publication February 3, 1960.