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Autotrophic Oxidation of Ammonium and Hydroxylamine¹

ABSTRACT

Studies of resting cell suspensions of Nitrosomonas europaea have demonstrated that high concentrations of hydroxylamine are stoichiometrically converted to NO₂. The oxidation proceeded most rapidly above pH 7.5 and was affected by altering the relative concentrations of substrate and bacterial cells. Nitrification of NH₄-nitrogen was retarded by increasing alkalinity and high substrate levels, but the inhibition is not as marked as observed for the NO₂-oxidizing chemoautotrophs. The NH₄ oxidation by intact cells was not stimulated by Fe, orthophosphate, HCO₃, Mg, Cu or Zn but was inhibited by small quantities of cyanide and 2,4-dinitrophenol.

Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, New York State College of Agriculture, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. as Agronomy Paper No. 480. This investigation was supported in part by a grant from the Sun Oil Company.

² Research Assistant and Associate Professor of Soil Science, respectively. The senior author is now with Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn.

Received for publication July 20, 1959. Accepted for publication August 3, 1959.