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Anion Elution Patterns from Soils and Soil Clays¹

ABSTRACT

The leaching of Cl^- and SO₄⁼ ions through columns of whole soil and soil clay was investigated by adding salts to the top layers, eluting with water, and measuring ion concentrations in column eluates. A "normal" anion elution curve with a distribution coefficient of 1 was interpreted as indicating no anion attraction to the soil. Deviations from a "normal" curve resulting in a skewed elution pattern were interpreted as indicating anion attraction. Creedmoor clay, with a high negative charge, attracted neither Cl^- nor SO₄⁼. Cecil clay and Cecil and Appling soils, which have low negative charges and are high in kaolin and oxides of aluminum and iron, gave asymmetric anion elution curves at lower pH values, indicating anion attraction. Cecil clay pre-leached with HNO₃ retained both SO₄⁼ and Cl^- against moderate leaching, however, under less acid conditions (pH 4 to 6) only SO₄⁼ was retained.

¹ Contribution from the Soils Department, North Carolina State College, Raleigh. Published with the approval of the Director of the North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. as Paper No. 1001 of the Journal series. Presented before Div. II, Soil Science Society of America, Aug. 8, 1958, at Lafayette, Ind.

² Graduate Assistant, North Carolina State College and Assistant Professor of Agronomy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, respectively.

³ The authors wish to thank Dr. N. T. Coleman and Miss Doris Craig, North Carolina State College, and Dr. C. I. Rich, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, for their advice and assistance.

Received for publication February 13, 1959. Accepted for publication March 27, 1959.