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Influence of Soil Temperature and Nitrogen on Ryegrass Growth and Chemical Composition¹

ABSTRACT

Annual ryegrass was grown under controlled conditions at different rates of nitrogen fertilization. Alternating periods of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness were maintained in growth chambers set at 10°, 20°, and 30°C. The ryegrass responded to nitrogen fertilization up to the rate of 100 pounds per acre and the response was greatest at the 20°C. temperature. Nitrogen was more efficiently utilized by the ryegrass at the 20° and 30°C. temperature than at the 10°C. temperature. The uptake of potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus was retarded at the 10°C. temperature. Phosphorus uptake and yield of forage were directly related and the calcium content of the ryegrass increased as the temperature and rate of nitrogen increased.

Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, University of Tennessee Agr. Exp. Sta. This work was supported in part by a grant from Grace Chemical Company. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 21, 1957, at Atlanta, Ga.

² Agronomist and Graduate Assistant, respectively.

Received for publication January 22, 1958. Accepted for publication February 25, 1958.