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Preliminary Observations of Perennial Lupine as a Cover Crop in Field-Planting Sites and Forest Nurseries in Wisconsin¹

ABSTRACT

Plantings of perennial lupine (Lupinus perennis) were observed over a 4-year period on 12 field-planting sites in northeastern Wisconsin and in 2 forest nurseries.

On nonirrigated field plantings production varied considerably by sites. On sites of reasonably good nutrient content and moisture relations oven-dry weight of the crop per acre was in the range of 3,136 to 3,762 pounds per acre in the fourth year, with a nitrogen equivalent of 60 to 73 pounds per acre. On dry or very infertile sites the species was a failure, producing only a few hundred pounds of bulk dry matter per acre.

In irrigated nurseries it produced an average of 3,203, 4,792, and 12,180 pounds per acre of oven-dry material in the first, second, and third years, respectively. Average nitrogen content on a per-acre basis ranged from 55 pounds the first year to 311 in the third year. Seed production in a second-year nursery planting was 480 pounds per acre and in a third-year stand, 812 pounds per acre.

¹ Contribution from Lake States Forest Exp. Sta., Forest Service, U.S.D.A., maintained at St. Paul 1, Minn., in cooperation with the University of Minnesota. Presented before Div. V-A, Soil Science Society of America, Atlanta, Ga., Nov. 20, 1957.

² Research Forester, Lake States Forest Exp. Sta., St. Paul, Minn.

Received for publication July 23, 1957. Accepted for publication September 13, 1957.