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Genesis of Some Thick-Surfaced Brunizemic Soils of Eastern Oklahoma¹

ABSTRACT

Thick-surfaced Brunizemic soils, Taloka silt loam, occur in eastern Oklahoma and adjoining states. A Taloka silt loam profile consists of (1) a dark grayish brown A₁ horizon 10 to 20 inches thick; (2) a brown to light brownish gray, soft floury A₂ horizon 10 to 14 inches thick containing some black concretions and slightly mottled in the lower part; (3) a dark grayish brown, mottled B₂₁ horizon with dark clay film on peds, blocky, containing some small black concretions, becoming less dark but more clayey below; and (4) mottled, grayish brown, yellowish brown, and strong brown very firm and very slowly permeable clay (C).

The following analyses are reported on (1) each of the several horizons of two profiles of typical Taloka silt loam, and (2) the major horizons of an adjoining Teller fine sandy loam: particle size distribution, bulk density, percent organic matter, percent total nitrogen, and pH. Base-exchange capacity was determined for the < 2µ fractions of each horizon. Heavy, medium, and light mineral determinations were made on the very fine sand and coarse silt fractions of each horizon.

The physical, chemical, and mineralogical measurements indicate that the Taloka silt loams possess more than one solum. The data show that the upper and more silty horizons have undergone horizon differentiation under a different regime of soil development than the more clayey and lower horizons.

¹ The material is taken from a thesis submitted by the senior author in partial fulfillment for the M.S. degree. Presented before Div. V, Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 14, 1956.

² Former graduate student, Oklahoma State University; now Assistant Agronomist, Colorado Agr. Exp. Sta.; Associate Professor of Agronomy, Oklahoma State University; and Soil Scientist, Oklahoma State University and S.C.S., respectively.

Received for publication March 6, 1957. Accepted for publication July 3, 1957.