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Published in Soil Sci Soc Am J 21:625-628 (1957)
© 1957 Soil Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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Aluminum, Iron, and pH in Relation to Lime Induced Manganese Deficiencies1

A. Mehlich2

ABSTRACT

The effect of freshly precipitated Al- and Fe-oxide hydrates on Mn solubility and uptake by plant roots in relation to pH has been studied. Precipitation of Mn (as Mn (OH)3 or Mn2O3 · XH2O) from MnSO4, by the addition of Ca(OH)2, began at about pH 8.5, while in the presence of Al3+ and Fe3+ salts precipitation began at pH 5.8 and with Fe2+ salts at pH 6.8. Manganese in solution decreased with increasing pH and increasing cation/Mn ratios. In this regard, Fe3+ and Al3+ had a greater effect than Fe2+ while Zn2+ and Cu2+ had the least effect. It was concluded that freshly precipitated sesquioxide hydrates are effective in supplying OH ions for the precipitation of Mn at the lower pH values.

Acid washed H-roots of soybeans and wheat adsorbed Mn and Al from freshly precipitated Mn- and Al-oxide hydrates. With increasing Al/Mn ratios adsorption of Mn decreased and that of Al increased. Solubilization of Mn and Al was thought to be the result of H ions on roots reacting with the OH groups of the Mn- and Al-oxide hydrates.

Measurement of the nutrient content of soybean and corn tops of varying degrees of chlorosis showed Al and Fe to increase greatly with increasing chlorosis and increasing soil pH. Manganese content was not directly related to either severity of chlorosis or acid soluble soil-Mn. The Mn content in itself cannot be used, therefore, as a criterion for Mn-deficiency. It is concluded that excessive amounts of sesquioxide hydrates in soil may contribute to disturbances in the absorption and functional pattern of Mn as well as Ca in plants.

NOTES

1 Contribution from the Department of Soils, North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta., Raleigh, N. C. Published with the approval of the Director as Paper No. 791 of the Journal Series. Presented before Div. IV, Soil Science Society of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, Nov. 13, 1956.

2 Research Associate Professor of Soils. The writer acknowledges his indebtedness to R. E. Worthington and M. Matthias for the spectrographic analyses of plants reported in table 2.

Received for publication February 25, 1957. Accepted for publication July 17, 1957.






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Copyright © 1957 by the Soil Science Society of America.