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The Interaction of Kind of Soil Colloid, Fertility Status, and Seasonal Weather Variation on the Cation Content of Turnip Leaves¹

ABSTRACT

In a study of the effect of environmental factors on cation content of turnip greens, seasonal weather variations from spring to fall were shown to be of similar importance to soil and fertilizer factors.

Divalent cation content of leaves was greater in spring than in fall. Monovalent cation content was significantly higher in the fall than in the spring.

The magnitude of the seasonal effects on cation concentration was modified by the type of clay mineral predominating in the soil and by the percentage soil saturation with Ca and Mg.

The critical level of divalent cation saturation was higher on montmorillonitic than kaolinitic soil. Evidence was obtained for a sharp increase in divalent ion availability between 66% and 76% divalent base saturation on the montmorillonitic soil. A higher lime level would be required in fall than in spring especially on montmorillonitic soils.

¹ Contribution from the Department of Agronomy, North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. Published with the approval of the Director, North Carolina Agr. Exp. Sta. and the permission of the Executive Committee of the Southern Regional Soil-Weather Project S-5 as paper No. 607 of the Journal Series. Part of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by the senior author. Presented before Div. IV Soil Science Society of America, St. Paul, Minn. Nov. 8–17, 1954.

² Formerly Research Assistant, and now Soil Scientist (Agent), Soils and Water Conservation Research Branch, A.R.S., U.S.D.A., and Associate Professor, respectively.

Received for publication November 24, 1954.