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The Relation of Certain Loessial Soils of Northeastern Kansas to the Texture of the Underlying Loess¹

ABSTRACT

Particle size analyses were made on 10 profiles representing four soil series. The profiles were located on a traverse perpendicular to the Missouri River from the Missouri River bluffs in northwestern Doniphan County, Kansas, to a point in southwestern Brown County, 24 miles from the river. The first sampling site was located 2 miles from the Missouri River. Subsequent sites were located at approximately 2-mile intervals. The thickness of the loess, as measured at most sites, decreased from approximately 100 feet at the river bluffs to 6 feet at the tenth site. The textural composition and pH of each horizon were determined in the laboratory. The texture of the C, B, and A horizons was observed to become finer with increased distance from the river up to 16 miles from the bluff. Beyond that point there was little if any decrease in particle size with distance. The change in texture of the C horizon with distance from the river appears to be the dominant factor in the development of the four soil series, Monona, Marshall, Sharpsburg, Grundy, which have not been finally correlated in this area. This work further substantiates the belief that the Missouri River Valley flood plain was a source of some of the loessial deposits of northeastern Kansas.

¹ Contribution No. 512, Department of Agronomy, Kansas Agr. Exp. Sta., Manhattan. Presented before Div. V, Soil Science Society of America, St. Paul, Minn., Nov. 11, 1954.

² Former graduate student and associate professor of soils, respectively, Kansas State College.

Appreciation is expressed to W. M. Johnson, Rudolph Ulrich for help in preparation of the manuscript and to E. H. Templin, B. H. Williams, and John Elder for help in identification of the soil profiles.

Received for publication November 16, 1954.