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Wheat Yields and Soil Fertility on the Canadian Prairies after a Half Century of Farming¹

ABSTRACT

At three Experimental Stations in Western Canada the yields of spring wheat on summerfallow in grain rotations have been maintained for 40 years without the addition of fertilizer or manure. Yields of wheat following wheat in these rotations at two Stations may have declined slightly but this was not due entirely to reduced fertility since weed infestations have adversely affected yields.

At the Lethbridge Station in Alberta, average losses of 25% nitrogen and 19% organic matter have occurred in the grain rotations since 1910.

It appears that a cropping practice which includes wheat and summerfallow can be continued profitably for some time to come in Western Canada if soil erosion and weeds can be controlled.

¹ Contribution from Division of Field Husbandry, Soils and Agricultural Engineering, Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central Exp. Farm, Ottawa. Presented before Division IV, Soil Science Society of America, Nov. 19, 1953.

² Senior Agronomist, Central Exp. Farm, Ottawa, Canada.

Received for publication December 20, 1953.